Electric furnace.



PATENTED JUNE 2, 1908.

A. J. rn'rsnssou.

ELECTRIC FURNACE. APPLICATION mam APB.13. 1906.

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[n van/2 07 WWW PATENTED Jim; 2,.19'08.

WA SN M U B m fim Jm L E APf'LIGATION FILED APR. 13 1906.

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3 Witnesses W Ru/054902 Heretoi'ore it has, however. not been cally possible to avoid that i ivirni; -i i on UNlT.ED idllfirrididnll @l-FFKQE. ALBERT Jo riin PETERSSON, or ALBY, SWEDEN. I

i'innc rnio'non mcn. l i

No. 889,857. Specification 01" Application filed April 13,

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ALBERT JOIIAN Pl TERssoN, a subject of the King of Sweden,

and resident of Alby, Sweden, have invented new and'useful improvements in Electric Furnacesv o1" whichthe following specification, reference beinghad to th drawings accompanying and forming a part he eel.

This invention relates to innirovenients in electric furnaces for treating gases by nir-ans of electrodynamically or electromagnetic- .ally actuated voltaic arcs. In treating gases by means oi voltaic arcs, which by their heating action effect reversi ble chemical reactions in the gases, it desirable that the gases thus treated. do not again come within the range of the are, inasmuch nlin the repeated treating thenverzrgc temperature or" the gas can be increased to such an extent that the .llX ion or" the coin version will be rcndcrei more dillicrl".

pro :1. quantity oi 1 thus treated is aga in struck by the tire, inasmuch as theeondition of the magnetic lie-id generally has made it necessary to cause the mass of gas to move chiefly in the san i plane in which the arcs are moving.

The object oi the present invention is to obviate the said. inconvenienres and to provide an electric furnace in which any desired or required speed ot" movement oi" thiare through an arbitrary concentintion ol" the n'iagnotic power will he obtained and siniultaneously the direction of movement ol the mass of gas may be transverse or substantially transverse relative to the direction of inovei'nent of the arcs or to the plane in nhichiho are is displaced. in accordance therewith a furnace embodying in present invention is provid d with a reaction channbcr, as other well known 'l'urnaces of the kind 5 in question, and :1. central electrode llloloili.

and n ringshapr-d or spiral-stro led (screwl shaped) electrode surrounding the latter,

the discharge beiwcen the said electrodes 3 or SllbSlIllli lilllY lallllilll'i' taking phn-e rzuliall through the mass oi gas lllUVlIlfgg' axially and, moreover, the furnace is provided with excitation-dcvices around the reaction chainher or the outer electrode l'or creating within the latter a magnetic 'lield of substantially axial direction. lly the said arrangoineut of the electrodes and the nnrgnetic hold in relation to each other, it will be possible to obtain the power, by which the are is din Letters Patent.

1906. Serial No. 311,407.

oimional to the length of the path that each' :t of the are has to run, whereby thevarius points of the arc Will be displaced at substantially the same an liloroovcr, the reaction chamber will be easily accessible and theexciting devices will at a certain strength of field be of small sizes. For creating the are I prefer to use alterlions where the 'voliaic arcs continually are renewed bet ween a pair ol' electrodes at short distance iroui each other. It is, however} possible even while using alternating ourby (UlHlt-illllg' in parallel to the electrodes :1 quantity ol' energy sullii-ient to 'maintain i the are while the alternating current passes its zero point whereby the most uniform load possible oi the source hoobtninod.

in the aecompain iug drawing I have dia ramin-licall illustrated several enib0dimerits oi my invention.

Figs. land 2 show vertical and horizontal octions respectivelv .01 one form. of the invention. Figs. 3; and -l'show similar views o! a sm'ond lorni.v Figs. and 6 show similar views ol' :1 third -form. Figs. 7 and 8 show similar views of a fourth i'oi'in. Figs. 8! and. 10 show vcrlimil section and side-view} nlaced, proportional or approximately progular velocity thus obviatingthe risk of the are being disrupted.

noting currents on account ofthe facility of re source of current will.

advantngorelativeito such furnace construe rents in obtain-5t constantly maintained arc Stll llllllii'llUllS which are capable oi storing Patented June 2,1908.

either continuous or alternating currents niav ilOIl of it it. Cll ol' the ertnwhile using amag-' the latter being of currents may vertical longitudinal section respectively of I 1' the gas to be treated is led in axial irection.

. through the same a cooling fluid, the sair conductor-constituting the one electrode of jthe'working circuit 3. and 4. The other elec- .trode 5 is constituted-b8;

i speed of rotation of several hundred revopreferably tube shaped in order that the extends a conductor 6 towards the electrode gas that has already been ex osed to the motion of rotation of the are hereby will be partly in section, of a fifth form. Figs. 11 and,12 show a vertical cross-section and a a sixth form. V

The construction shown in Fi s. 1 and 2 has a tube-shaped reaction-chem er 1, suitably of circular cross-section, throu h which One part of the wall of the said chamber is formed by a spirally arranged conductor 2,

same, if desired, may be cooled by leadin a central solid or tube-shaped conductor om which suitably 2 for striking the arc in well knownmanner. Around the reaction chamber is rovided an energizing coil 7 supposed to Y e su plied with continuous current from an e ectric circuit 8 and The plane of the said coil is substantially transverse in relation to the reaction chamber :and in such a position relative to the outer electrode that the latter incloses the most powerful art of the magnetic field of the coil, which has a substantially axial direction. An arc struck between the electrodes will by this arrangement be put in rotation around the central conductor in a lane substantially parallel to the plane of t e coil, or eventually it will be moved upwards following the turns of the outer electrode if the same are insulated from each other. In using alternating current of a frequenc 0f'25 periods a second in the are it is possib e by the said arran ement to obtain without difficulty 810 ful revolutions of every single are created by half a period of the alternating current, i. e., a

lutions a. second. As the axial movement of the arc can be made as small as desired and in any case is almost independent of the magnetic power displacing the arc, it is obvious that a repeated treating of the mass of action of. the arc in a su'liicient easily obviated. 4

The form illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 differs from that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 chiefly in that the outer electrode 2 is constituted by a hollow cylinder and the energizing coil is connected in series with the arc and is thus supplied with alternating current. The diegree may be constant and by suitably dimensioning the energizing coil the latter may be used as an impedance in the circuit of the are for preventing injuries on the source of encrg in striking the arc and for steadying the are. For preventing injurious screening action from the outer electrode the latter, as is in the she e ofan open ring in such a manner that s ortcircuited currents in the same "will be prevented, while the arcs will pass In all the above described forms the ener-,

gizing coil exerts only an electro-dynamic action on the arcs. However, iron ma also be provided outside the furnace for c osin the magnetic circuit whereby a strengthene action within the space inclosed by the outer electrode'will be obtained at'a given number of ampere turns-in the energizing coil. Such a furnace-construction is shown in Figs. 9'

and 10, in which thecoil 7 is provided in a ring-shaped iron-core 10 of Ushaped'cross-' section, which may be arranged horizontally, as is shown, or vertically, as desired. By suitably shaping the pole-surfaces of the magnet, or by providing recesses or extra windings at the poles the strengths of the field within the space. inclosed by: the outer electrode may be varied so as to obtain a uniform displacing action on the arcs.

- The form illustrated in Figs. '11 and 12 differs from that shown in Figs. 9 and 10 chiefly in thatthe iron-core is arranged vertically and provided with a number of coils 11 place on cross-pieces 12 between two ringshaped magnet-cores 13 and 14. B r the continuous pole-surfaces at the sides acing the reaction chamber a continuous field will nevertheless be maintained within the space mg or continuous currents may be used in the field, as desired. If it is desired to avoid the axial movement of the arc it-is sufficient to make the one or both of theelectrodes of small axial extension, whereby the rotation of the arcs will take place chiefly in one and the same plane.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an electric furnace for treating gases by means of voltaic arcs the combination, of

shown in Fig. 4, should, preferably, be m ado a furnace chamber, an inner central elecasset? 'throughithe said furnace chamber, substantially asrand for the purpose set forth.

2. In an electric furnace for treating by means of voltaic arcs the combination, of a furnace chamber, an inner central electrode, an outerelect one concentric therewith, a ring-shaped o -core around the furnace, means vfor encrg .ing the said iron-core, and means for moving gases through the said furnace chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an electric furnace for treating gases by means of voltaic ar the combination, of

a furnace chamber, an inner central electrode, an outer electrode concentric there- .With, an en crgizing coil around the said outer electrode, means for connecting the said coil in series to the arc between the fijtllLLClQC- trodes, the said coil forming an ind'uc 1,. {2 resistance for the arcs, and means for moving gases through the said furnace chamber, sub stantially as and. for the purpose set forth.

4. In an electric furnace for treating gases by means of voltaic arcs the combination, of a furnace chamber, an inner electrode, an outer electrode concern, tl'lfil'GWlbll, a ring shaped iron-corc, an energizing coil in the said core, means for connecting the said coil in series to the arcs between the said elec trodes, and means for moving gases through the said furnace chamber, substantially as and for the urpose set forth.

5. In an e ectric furnace for treating gases by means of voltaic arcs the combination, of a furnace chamber, an inner electrode, an out-er electrode concentric therewith, an energizing coil around the latter consisting of a spirally wound ribbon-shaped cable, and means for moving gases through the said furnace chamber, substantially as and for the 4 purpose set forth.

6. An apparatus. for producing chemical reactions in a mass of gases, consisting of means for forming an electric arc and causing the latter to play in the mass of gases, the said are being subjected to the action of a magnetic field produced by a stationary source of magnetism, the said-magnetic field causing the arc to rotate in one plane about the axis of one of the electrodes.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

ALBERT JUHAN PETERSSON.

Witnesses:

EVARD DELMAR, EMIL W HEBERG. 

